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Lot No: R
Germination: 85%
Test Date: 06/24
Onions seeds should be planted indoors 6 to 8 weeks before ground can be worked. You can also plant seeds directly in the garden. Spring planting should occur as soon as soil can be worked. Keep free from weeds. You need long sunny days to grow large onions. Shallots are very close to garlic and are very easy to grow. Plants can grow 8 to 12" tall.
Requires fertile soil in a well drained location in the garden. Apply much and grass clippings, or straw around base of plant.
Keep seedlings and transplants consistently moist, but not waterlogged. Water well during dry and hot spells.
Use RootBlast, Vegetable Alive, and Slow Release Fertilizer when transplanting outdoors. Apply Miracle Gro every 2 weeks.
You can harvest onion for their green stems (scallions) at anytime. Cut the green stems with garden scissors when tops are 4 - 8" tall. For bulb product, let the tops dry up themselves before digging them up. Spread bulbs on ground for 3 to 5 days to cure.
Scientific Name: Phoma terrestris
Type: Fungus
Pink Rot is a devastating soil borne disease that affects the growth of onions and can occasionally affect corn, peppers, spinach, and soybeans. The disease started in North Carolina and the mid-Atlantic region and continues to spread to other areas. The disease affects the roots, where they become shriveled and deteriorate, and then may disintegrate. Symptoms of wilting of the leaves may occur and the leaves turn a pale green and start to die off. Onions infected with Pink Root often show a light pink color, then becoming a darker pink color, and progressing to a purple-brown color. The plant is rarely killed by the disease, but the bulbs never matures fully. The surviving plants are stunted and the bulb size is reduced and becomes soft and non-desirable. Cold weather, drought conditions, insect spreading the disease, nutrient deficiencies, and other diseases, can cause stress to the plant which can increase the severity of the disease. Plan on using a 6 year crop rotation and avoid planting onions in the same location, year after year as the disease can survive in the soil for a long time. The best option is to use disease resistant varieties and/or use a root fungicide for soil based diseases.
Scientific Name: Urocystis cepulae or Urocystis colhici
Smut is a world-wide soil borne disease that affects the growth of cantaloupes & melons, leeks, onions, and shallots. Smut has not been found in chives and garlic. It is one of the most destructive disease in growing onions in northern parts of the United States. The disease infects plants only when they are seedlings, killing the plants early in the season. Symptoms of smut include black streaks, blisters, or lesions appearing on the young leaves near the bulbs. A black powdery spore mass will be released when the bulbs rupture. Cold damp weather in the spring can make the seedling acceptable to the disease. Once affected by the disease, most of the seedlings will die in 3 to 5 weeks after germination. Infected plants may survive in a weaken condition, but the plant growth will be stunted, and the plant will die slowly. The infected plants should be removed and burned on the spot to avoid further infestation. The disease is also favorable when temperatures are 61-72 F, and usually occur in the spring. If the soil temperature is above 84%, when the seedlings are susceptible to the disease, there is usually no infection. Plan on using a 3 year crop rotation and avoid planting onions in the same location, year after year, as the disease can survive in the soil for a long time, up to 15 years. The smut disease can be transmitted from one field to another by water, by wind, and by farm equipment. Once the soil is infected, only seeds treated with fungicide should be planted. The best option is to use disease resistant varieties.